Plants Category
B: Fruits and Nuts
Category B: Fruits and Nuts
Almond, Apple, Apricot, Avacodo, Banana, Blackberry, Black
Walnut, Blueberry, Brazil
Nut, Butternut, Carambola, Cashew, Cherry, Chestnut, Coconut, Cranberry, Date, Elderberry, Fig, Filbert, Gooseberry, Grape, Grapefruit, Kiwi, Kumquat, Lemon, Lime, Macadamia
Nut, Mango, Mulberry, Nectarine, Orange, Papaya, Peach, Pear, Pecan, Persimmon, Pineapple, Pomegranate, Raspberry, Strawberry, Tangerine, Walnut
Almond
Leaves:
are alternate, 3-5 inches long, oblong-lance-shaped with pointed tip.
Nut:
is oblong, light tan, and 1-2 1/2 inches long.
Husk's color is green.
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Apple (top of photo)
Leaves:
are alternate, soft, fuzzy, teeth pointed rather than rounded, with broad
7 fuzzy buds. Older leaves are less fuzzy.
Branch:
is stubby with many scars and short spur shoots. Tip bud egg shaped.
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Apricot
Leaves:
are alternate, upside-down-egg-shaped to rounded, 2-3 1/2 inches long,
short pointed, round toothed with teeth pointing forward.
Twigs:
reddish brown.
Fruit:
hairless, round, yellow overlaid with red. Stone ridged along seam.
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Avocado
Leaves:
are alternate, leathery, toothless, pointed, oval, 4-8 inches long. Twigs
3-angled and minutely fluted. End bud large with 3-4 scales.
Fruit:
large, 2-8 inches long, pear shaped, yellow-green to maroon and purplish
to black when ripe. Flesh greenish-yellow.
Seed:
is round, large, covered with papery skin.
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Banana
Leaves:
spirally arranged with broad blade, up to 9 feet in length and up to
2 feet in width. Blades oval to oblong, green or yellowish-green
top side and green or purple underside.
Fruit:
is elongate, fleshy, usually yellow but can be purplish, brown, speckled
brown over yellow, greenish yellow, green or black.
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Blackberry
Leaves:
come with 3, 5, 7, or 9 leaflets. Leaflets oblong to egg-shaped with
pointed tip, sometimes heart shaped at the base, sharply and deeply
saw-toothed. Prickly leaf stems.
Twigs:
armed with prickles, shoots moderate, often 5-angled. Berry's core remaining
inside berry when picked, 1 inch or more long and aromatic.
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Black Walnut
Leaves:
are alternate, pinnately compound in a feather like manner. Leaflets
have 15-23 egg-shaped to oblong to lance-shaped, up to 5 inches
long, pointed, irregularly saw-toothed with teeth pointing forward,
fuzzy underside of leaf.
Husk:
is round, greenish-brown, up to 2 inches across, fuzzy. Nut is oval,
thick shelled and deeply ridged.
Differs from Butternut in having smaller
leaves, in not being covered with rusty-brown hairs
and in having leaf scar notched at top.
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Blueberry
Leaves:
alternate, egg-shaped to lance-shaped, 1/2 to 3 inches long, pointed or
rounded tip, toothless. Betty blue or blue-black, 1/4 to 3/4 inches
in diameter.
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Brazil Nut
Leaves:
are alternate, leathery, broadly oblong, up to 20 inches long and 4-6
inches wide margins wavy up and down.
Husk:
is globe-shaped, dark brown, up to 5-6 inches in diameter, thick shell
wall, with plug in one end. Nut is triangular, 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 inches
long, chocolate brown, resembling an orange section.
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Butternut
Differs
from Black Walnut in having larger leaves, in being covered
with rusty-brown hairs and in having leaf scars rounded
at top.
Leaves:
are alternate, pinnately compound in a feather-like manner. Leaflets
11-19, up to 5 inches long and nearly half as wide, oblong-lance-shaped,
finely saw-toothed.
Twigs:
orange-brown or bright green, becoming smooth and light gray with a dark
colored pith.
Husk:
is oval to oblong, pointed, sticky, up to 3 inches long and half as wide.
Nut has jagged ridges and thick walls.
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Carambola
(Star Fruit) (Averrhoa carambola)
| The tree
is small and slow growing with a round, symmetrical canopy.
Leaves are pinnately compound with individual leaflets ranging
from one to three inches in length. Fruit is egg-shaped,
or somewhat elongated with rounded ends. Five (rarely 4 or
6) prominant longitudinal ribs give the fruit a star shape
when cut in cross-section. The thin-skinned fruit is yellow,
crisp and very juicy with an acid or subacid flavor. Seed
number varies from none to about 10 per fruit. Seed are long,
thin and light brown. Carambola is grown in south Florida.
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Cashew
Leaves:
are alternate, oblong-oval to upside-down-egg-shaped, sometimes notched
at tip, 4-8 inches long, 2-4 inches wide, leaf stems, toothless,
leathery with milky juice.
Husk:
is 2-3 1/2 inches long, bright yellow or red, kidney-shaped. Nut is about
1 inch in length and tan.
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Cherry
Leaves:
are alternate, upside-down-egg-shaped, gradually tapering to a point.
Blade is 2-6 inches long, soft or stiff in texture, green or gray-green,
doubly sawtoothed with pointed teeth changing to rounded.
Twigs:
are red-brown and hairless.
Fruit:
is globe-shaped, sometimes heart shaped, yellow or red.
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Chestnut
Leaves:
are alternate, oblong to lance-shaped, long pointed, very coarsely toothed.
Twigs:
stout, yellowish green, olive green or dark brown, pith usually star-shaped.
Buds egg-shaped, pointed and brownish.
Nut:
is enclosed in a nearly round bristly bur with 1 to 3 nuts in each bur.
Nut is up to 1 inch across, dull brownish, coated with whitish down
at tip, tip drawn out into a point, opposite end flattened with a
light colored patch.
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Coconut
Leaflets:
are many 1-ribbed, regularly arranged, stiff, pointed, up to 3 feet long.
Palm-like in appearance, up to 20 feet in length.
Husk:
of fruit can be up to 8 inches long, and 8 inches or more in width, the
base notched slightly, tip not pointed, 3 sided when dry.
Fruit:
is globe-shaped with 3 "eyes" or pores, brown with stringy strands
covering it, the meat is white.
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Cranberry
Leaves:
are alternate, small, up to 3/4 inches long, oblong with rounded ends,
toothless, leathery, dark green above with whitish underside.
Twigs:
are wiry, extremely slender, covered with tiny hairs, light brown to
reddish brown.
Fruit:
is nearly round, up to 3/4 inch in diameter, red to dull red.
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Date
Leaflets:
are strongly formed, narrow, fine veins, sharp and stiff pointed on a
palm-like cluster, sharp angle from midrib. Up to 18 inches long
cluster of leaflets.
Fruit:
is cylindrical, 1-3 inches long. brownish in color.
Seed:
is flattened, pointed at top and grooved.
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Elderberry
Leaves:
are opposite, pinnately compound, 5-11 leaflets, oval to egg to lance-shaped,
pointed tip, very finely and sharply toothed with teeth pointing
forward.
Twigs:
6, 8, or 10 sided or angled, yellowish gray. Buds small, cone-shaped,
light brown or green.
Bloom:
is large flat topped cluster of small white flowers found at tip of twig.
Fruit:
is purplish black berry on a rose red stem.
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Fig
Leaves:
are usually deeply 3-5 lobed, thick, palmately ribbed with veins in hand-like
fashion, 4-8 inches long, rough above and hairy underside.
Fruit:
is pear-like, size varies, but usually small, brownish tan in color.
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Filbert
Leaves:
are alternate, egg-shaped to oblong, doubly saw-toothed, rough in appearance.
Nut:
is enclosed in a leafy acorn type shell which forms a tubular beak. Oval
to oblong in size.
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Gooseberry
Leaves:
Differs from currant in having spines and a narrower leaf-scar, 3-5 lobes,
alternate leaves, grouped several to a short shoot, scallop-toothed.
Twigs:
slender, light brown, ridged down the stem from the nodes, 1-3 slender
spines at each node. Buds egg or spindle shaped.
Fruit:
round, dark reddish purple berry or light greenish berry.
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Grape
Leaves:
simple palmately lobed.
Twigs:
are dark brown, some tendrils or shredding in strips.
Fruit:
is soft puply berry, glove-shaped to oval. Comes in several colors, lime
green, reddish purple, deep bluish gray, blackish purple, rose red,
yellowish, green, olive green. Seed is pear-shaped.
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Grapefruit
Leaves:
are thick, leathery, 4-8 inches long, round toothed and deeply lobed
at its tip.
Twigs:
green, hairless, slender spines present or spineless.
Fruit:
globe-shaped, 4-6 inches round, flesh fine-grained, rind mostly smooth
and pale yellow to a rose blush on yellow.
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Kiwi
The
kiwi fruit range from round to oblong in shape and from
smooth-skinned to hairy. Flesh color may be green, orange
or yellow. Some of the outside surfaces are fuzzy, brown
and oblong, while others are fuzzy, green, grape-like in
size, and still others could be fuzzy, green and also oblong.
So they vary much in appearances.
Most when cut crosswise will have the
emerald green flesh that has a ring of small black edible
seeds.
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Kumquat
Leaves:
alternate, densely gland-dotted beneath, thick, lance-shaped and tapering
both ways, 1 1/2 to 6 inches long, up to 2 inches wide, blunt tip,
dark green above and paler green underside, shallow round-toothed
toward tip.
Twigs:
are green.
Fruit:
small, up to 1 1/2 inches round or oblong, bright orange or yellow-orange.
Differs from other citrus with distinctly
lance-shaped and tapering at both ends leaves. Fruit
is much smaller that others.
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Lemon
Lime
Fruit:
is round to oval and small, up to 2 1/2 inches in size, sometimes with
a small nipple on one end, shallowly roughish in appearance. Dark green
to lighter green in color.
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Macadamia Nut
Leaves:
are arranged in whorls of 3-4, hairless, shining, oblong to lance-shaped,
toothless or saw-tooth with fine or prickly teeth, up to 12 inches
long.
Husk:
is leathery separating into two sections with beak on one end. Nut is
round, up to 1 1/2 inches in size, brown to white in color.
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Mango
Leaves:
alternate, leathery, lance-shaped, up to 16 inches long, rigid, deep
green almost glossy, stems 1-4 inches long, swollen at base.
Twigs:
somewhat corrugated with milky or gummy sap.
Fruit:
large and fleshy, varies in size, 2-6 inches long, greenish, yellowish
or reddish or a mixture of all three colors, skin resemling a flattened
swollen pear.
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Mulberry
Leaves:
are alternate, variously lobed, resembling a mitten at times, shallowly
toothed to coarsely saw-toothed.
Fruit:
is reddish to purplish black and resembles a blackberry, up to 1 1/2
inches long and up to 1 inch in diameter, sometimes fruit is also
white.
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Nectarine
Leaves:
are alternate, distinctly oblong-lance-shaped, up to 9 inches long, pointed,
finely and sharply saw-toothed, shining above and somewhat on the
underside of the leaf.
Twigs:
are hairless, green or red, end bud present. Buds are hairy, globe-shaped
or mostly egg-shaped.
Fruit:
is smooth, globe-shaped, 1-3 inches in size, yellow and reddish on one
side.
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Orange
Leaves:
are leathery, thick, glandular-dotted, egg-shaped to oblong, 3-4 inches
long, bluntly pointed, wavy or shallowly round-toothed, leaf stem
broadly or narrowly winged.
Twig:
green and sometimes with spines.
Fruit:
is globe-shaped, about 3 inches in size, smooth skin or roughish. Color
is usually orange but could be lighter orange, yellowish-orange or
blood red.
Differs from other citrus in having
leaf tip distinctly concave to a point.
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Papaya
Leaves:
are usually strongly palmately-lobed. Buds small, round, broadly shield
shaped or shallowly 3 lobed, slightly raised at base.
Fruit:
oblong or sometimes pear-shaped or commonly with a bottleneck, yellowish
green to yellowish-orange, 3-20 inches long.
Seed:
is blackish, oval, covered with ridges. Inside flesh is yellow thick
flesh.
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Peach
Leaves:
are identical to nectarines, alternate, oblong to lance-shaped, up to
9 inches long.
Fruit:
is globe-shaped, 1-5 inches in size and fuzzy.
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Pear
Leaves:
are hairless, hard, glossy and leaf margins are round-toothed.
Fruit:
is smooth to grit-cell skinned, come in several colors such as
yellow, rose, blush, russett, green, or reddish.
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Pecan
Leaves:
are compound in a feather-formed manner. Alternate leaflets 11-17, short
stemmed, oblong to lance-shaped, pointed, 4-7 inches long, saw-toothed
with teeth pointing forward.
Twigs:
gray bark. Buds rather large, sometimes stemmed or grouped next to another.
Husk separates into 4 sections, 1 1/2 to 3 1/2 inches long.
Nut:
is oblong, smooth, light brown, thin-shelled, pointed.
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Persimmon
Leaves:
are alternate, toothless, leathery, oval to egg-shaped, 3-7 inches long.
pointed, green. Twigs are red-brown.
Fruit:
globe-shaped, 1-3 inches in diameter, maybe ribbed at base, on short
thick stem, pale orange, orange-yellowish or reddish skin, bracts
remain attached around stem forming a hat.
Seed:
is oblong or oval. brown and flattened.
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Pineapple
Leaves:
are long, sword-shaped, strong, spiny and saw-toothed, up to 3 feet long
and up to 1 1/2 inches wide.
Fruit:
is large globe-shaped or elongated fleshy body, crowned witha tuft of
sword-like leaves and spines.
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Pomegranate
Leaves:
are mostly opposite, short leaf stem, oblong or lance-shaped, up to 3
inches long. rounded tip, glossy and toothless.
Twigs:
are often spiny-tipped and rather slender.
Fruit:
globe-shaped, 2 1/2 to 5 inches in diameter, with thick and leathery
skin, brownish-yellow to red, resembles a large rose hip.
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Raspberry
Differs
from blackberry by having fewer thorns and in having
berry's core pulled out when picked.
Leaves:
are alternate, with 3-5 or even 7 leaflets, oblong to egg-shaped to even
lance-egg-shaped, short pointed.Leaf stem thornless. Canes are round
with few prickles.
Fruit:
cone-shaped, core separates from fruit, comes in red, yellow-golden or
blackish.
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Strawberry
Leaflets:
are in groups of 3, coarsely saw-toothed, egg-shaped, hairless on topside
and very hairy on underside.
Berry:
is fleshy and holding it's seeds on the surface.
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Tangerine
Differs
from other citrus in having smaller leaves.
Leaves:
are thick, leathery, alternate, glandular-dotted, generally lance-shaped,
up to 1 1/2 inches long, toothless or finely round-toothed, the short
thin leaf stem is barely margined.
Twigs:
green, slender and spiney.
Fruit:
is flattened, 2-3 inches in diamter, smooth and shining, orange to reddish-orange,
with very loose skin.
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Walnut (English)
Leaves:
are aromatic when bruised, alternate, compound in a feather-like manner,
leaflets usually 7-9, oblong or egg-shaped, pointed, almost hairless,
nearly toothless, 2-5 inches long.
Twigs:
silvery-gray.
Husk:
is nestled 1-3 together, green, almost globe-shaped, hairless, up to
2 inches in diameter. Shell of nut is covered with shallow groves
forming a network and somewhat wrinkled, thin shelled.
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